Several difficulties may arise throughout the pile foundation construction process. Unless these issues are addressed appropriately, the pile’s capacity will be reduced. The next sections go over these pile construction issues, their causes, and the steps that must be taken to prevent them. Because piles are driven violently over obstructions or the driven mandrel is out of plumb, concrete or permanent steel casing may be damaged. The early defection of concrete or permanent steel casing is another issue that they may face. This problem can be avoided by supervising the installation of the casing and inspecting the job prior to the pouring of the concrete. Finally, if this problem happens, the pile should be removed and carefully reinstalled.
Pile Formation Problems
In soft and loose soil, pile sides would collapse if casing was not supplied. This issue can be detected and addressed by a supervisor. Installing casing is the solution. Pile with Too Much Water Excessive water in piles is caused by groundwater flow into the construction site. This difficulty could be solved by using steel casing or bentonite. Adjacent Pile Uplift and Lateral Movement Pile Casings Are Being Driven It’s induced by heave and displacement near the pile construction site. Checking the plan position and level of adjoining piles can reveal such movements. The engineer will choose the method for resolving lateral movement and lifting of nearby piles. Vibrations on sandy soil during pile driving create adjacent settling Sinking craters.
Another cause of nearby building settlement is bored piles in soft clay with water bearing sand. Checking the level of structures or the ground before and during pile construction can reveal such an issue. Finally, by keeping a head of water in the casing while digging piles, surrounding ground or structure settlement can be reduced or avoided. Furthermore, the site engineer may choose an appropriate solution for the situation.Faults in Concrete Pile construction issues caused by concrete flaws include Concrete with insufficient strength A lack of strength is caused by a poor mix design or a poor concreting process. Concrete strength is usually determined by taking cylinder or cubic concrete samples from each mix and testing them. This problem can be overcome by using the right mix design with the right workability.
Voids in Concrete Pile
Voids can form as a result of incorrect concrete compaction in piles with no casing or casings that have not been hauled out after construction is completed. In this instance, the construction must be closely monitored to ensure adequate concrete compaction using appropriate techniques. Furthermore, removing casings may result in the formation of voids in concrete. In this situation, voids can be avoided by cleaning the casings and ensuring that enough concrete is poured. Problems with Reinforcement Installation During compaction, steel bars are likely to slide laterally or be dragged down. Reinforcement was placed for a variety of causes, including incorrect placement of spacers, sloppy procedures, and defective steel anchorage in particular pile types.
To avoid such problems, it is necessary to inspect the steel cage during fabrication and monitor the installation procedure. Finally, pile steel cages must be solidly supported at the bottom, with spacers provided in accordance with applicable requirements. Faults in the Working Load Testing loads or permanent working loads can cause damage to piles. Working load faults will be divided in the following parts based on the type of building methods used. Working load faults in driven piles Bored piles with working load faults Mechanically augured piles with working load faults Working Load Faults in Driven Piles A variety of factors contribute to the driven pile’s deterioration and damage under working loads. For instance, an incorrect concrete placement procedure.
Driven Pile Working Load Faults
that used for concrete in the driven shaft’s core, pile rising due to ground heave, insufficient concrete in bulb for bulb terminated; bored; and driven pile, incorrect space employed, and insufficient driven resistance hecking the volume of concrete put, hammer drop and blows per mitre, defined spacer type, and clear technique of construction will help eliminate these negative factors. Working Load Faults in Bored Piles, Section Bored pile damage occurs when the earth around the pile weakens owing to incorrect pile boring method, insufficient concrete cover due to steel cage displacement, poor concrete placement execution, and insufficient depth in relation to the soil or rock qualities encountered.
Checking the uniformity of the spoil is necessary to guarantee that sufficient depth is delivered. Furthermore, extreme caution must be exercised during drilling and concrete placement in order to avoid unintended consequences. Mechanically Augured Piles Working Load Faults Mechanically augured pile collapse under operating stress can be caused by a number of factors, including: Inadequate diameter due to a reamed base that is too small. This could be avoided by ensuring that large drilling and under-reamed machines are operating as expected above ground.It is recommended to monitor spoil during boring to ensure that the depth is appropriate for the encountered soil conditions. When it comes to concrete placement, using the wrong technique is a big no-no. Inadequate concrete protection Because of poor boring technique, the ground around the shaft and beneath the foundation has weakened.
Working Load Faults
This article discusses the issues with piling foundations and how to solve them. Pile construction is a broad topic that requires in-depth study to understand the flaws in the design. However, there is one important component that must be noted and adhered to during the pile construction process in order to avoid serious problems. We can’t see the pile’s state or what’s going on underground with our naked eyes. What we can do is simply follow the proper building procedures to ensure that quality control and quality assurance are carried out. Even though the pile foundations are designed by a professional in the field, the pile could fail if it is not built appropriately. Let’s take a closer look at each of the construction issues.
One of the most crucial tasks to complete at the start of a pile’s building. If this goes wrong, the initial fault will be applied to everything we do.True, we cannot always keep the precision of the layout to the exact coordinates specified in the drawings. However, it must be ensured that it is within the permissible tolerance limit. The pile construction tolerance is usually mentioned as 75mm in most recommendations. Depending on the type of construction, different rules prescribe different ranges. The pile construction is permitted if the pile tolerance is within the limit. In his design, the structural designer must consider the allowed tolerance As an example.
Reinforcement Installation Issues
Then, depending on whether there are two or one piles to handle the column loads, we must construct the ground beam. When there are three or more heaps, it may be considered for the piles, and an increase in pile load due to movement towards the column must be considered when evaluating pile capacity. After construction, if the deviation is larger than the allowed limit for any sort of pile arrangement in the pile cap, it must be checked and appropriate adjustments made. The designer should design the ground beams for eccentricity where possible, check the pile capacity increase with pile movement, check the pile caps for new eccentricity, and so on Excavation.
presence of voids; inconsistency in concrete mix, concrete.
Pile foundation is needed in areas where the structures constructed are large & heavy and the soil underlying is weak.
Bored pile, also called drilled shaft, is a type of reinforced-concrete foundation that supports structures with heavy vertical loads.
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